[clause], each+V+O

[hmgmat]

[clause], each+V+O.

Is it a grammatically construction?

It seems to me that a conjunction is needed.

However, OG10#195 uses such construction (I heard that a partial question from OG is allowed here):

[deleted by moderator]

Thanks in advance.

[JonathanSchneider]

First of all, we cannot quote from the OG here. It's fine to ask a general question and refer to a question number, but no direct quotes.

The word "targeted" is indeed a part participle, functioning as an adjective. This does NOT mean that you should insert the word "is." Just leave the past participle there as an adjective.

Other examples:

The crumpled newspaper
The ruffled feathers
The newspaper, crumpled into a ball
The feathers, ruffled and unkempt

[hmgmat]

Hi,

Thanks for your reply.

I understand that a past participle preceding a noun functions as an adjective.

However, to my understanding, both present and past participles following a noun functions as an adjective as well. But the difference is that the present participle is used if and only if the modified noun can "do" the action; on the hand, the past participle is used if and only if the modified noun is the object of the "action".

For examples,
The guy bit by the dog is in the hospital now. <- the guy was bit by a dog.
The guy biting the dog is in the police station now. <- the guy bit a dog.

Similarly, if "targeted" in this OG question is in a past participle form, then doesn't it imply that each of the antibodies are targeted specifically at an invading microbe or foreign substance? I thought that the sentence wants to express: each of the antibodies targets specifically at an invading microbe or foreign substance.

An antibody cannot BE targeted at something, right?

Thanks in advance.

[hmgmat]

rescue my post ;-)

[JonathanSchneider]

Actually, an antibody can certainly be targeted at something. In fact, we don't even have a choice in this problem: every option uses the -ed form. In this way, the word "targeted" is a lot like the word "aimed." We could certainly say: "The council created an agenda aimed at ..." The agenda has BEEN aimed. Likewise, the antibodies have BEEN targeted (by the body).