by RonPurewal Sat Sep 05, 2015 1:30 pm
in that step, the -1 power isn't doing anything (it's there both before and after the step). so, stuff is only happening to the things inside the parentheses.
inside the parentheses you are just adding two fractions in the standard way: make a common denominator—which in this case is xy—and then, once the fractions have the same denominator, add them together.
if that's weird with algebra, then just look at a more familiar example—say, adding 1/2 + 1/3—and then do exactly the same thing with 'x' and 'y' that you're doing with '2' and '3'.