* Studies of fitness tests show that playing basketball has a markedly positive effect on children whose parents are not athletic, as compared to those who are athletic.
a) to those who are
b) with children who are
c) with
d) to those whose parents are
e) with children whose parents are
Hello.
I understand that compared to / compared with is no reason to choose D over E. However, "on children whose parents are not athletic" is acting as which phrase in this sentence?