This question is referring to a specific term from the passage.
“Principal component” is specifically indicating the predator that encouraged pronghorn to develop their relict behavior of fast speed. In case of pronghorn, but in general term it could mean anything that encouraged animals to develop relict behavior.
Let's go to the answer choice.
A) Principal component encourage SUCH kind of behavior indicated in A).
B) No differentiation between descendants and original organism discussed in this passage.
C) Same as A)
D) This is it. “Environmental condition” in reference to other animals is a general way of saying the predator in pronghorn's case (Correct)
E) Largely irrelevant. Original behavior and its modification is not mentioned at all.