With these main point questions, it helps to find the KEY sentence - the one sentence that really seems to be the most important. We get that sentence in 11-16: Dunham's success...is due in no small part to her training in both anthropological research and choreography."
We can expect the correct answer to deal with both of these things.
(A) Seems a little narrow on the scope. She DID transform anthropology but this answer choice seems to only focus on the "innovative research methodologies," which were only really discussed in the 3rd paragraph. I won't eliminate this one but I certainly will look for a better answer.
(B) This doesn't include much of the real "meat" of the passage. Eliminate.
(C) Political concerns? This answer choice seems like it would go to a totally different passage, one in which Dunham uses dance as a vehicle for activism. Eliminate.
(D) This wasn't much of a discovery and, once again, it focuses a bit too much on the research methods. Eliminate.
(E) Anthropological? Check. Choreography? Check. Altered the landscape of modern dance? Check. This is a very general answer choice BUT it includes more than (A) does and, most importantly, it sums up the KEY sentence.
(A) is okay. (E) is significantly better, and thus (A) is definitely wrong and (E) is definitely right.